Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the persistent inability to attain and/or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance for a duration of at least 3 months. In 1992, a panel of medical experts recommended replacing the term “impotence” with ED. It is a condition where men struggle to get or sustain an erection to engage in sexual intercourse.
Erection, or penile erection, refers to the enlargement, hardening, and elevation of the penis. The penis contains three masses of cylindrical erectile tissue. In its resting state, blood flow is minimal and the tissue remains soft. During stimulation—physical or psychological—blood rapidly fills the vascular spaces, causing the tissue to swell and the penis to harden and lift.
As the arteries dilate, blood enters faster than it exits. Funnel-shaped valves in the veins and external pressure compressing them further reduce outflow. This results in blood being temporarily trapped in the erectile tissues, sustaining the erection.
ED can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions. These include clogged arteries (atherosclerosis), high cholesterol, high blood pressure, metabolic syndrome (characterized by increased insulin levels, body fat around the waist, and high cholesterol), and hormonal imbalances.
ED typically has a multifactorial etiology that includes organic, physiological, endocrine, and psychological components. It is commonly divided into two broad categories: organic and psychogenic. While pure psychogenic ED is rare, many men with physical causes also experience psychological distress.
There are numerous treatment options for ED, ensuring that most men can regain sexual activity regardless of the underlying cause. These include:
The American Urological Association (AUA) highlights that managing chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension can reduce the risk of ED. Because strong vascular health is crucial for achieving erections, lifestyle changes that enhance blood flow are believed to help prevent or delay ED.
Though clinical data supporting prevention methods is currently limited, these modifications are generally beneficial for overall male sexual health.
Concerned about erectile dysfunction? Schedule a confidential consultation at Androplus today and take the first step toward restoring your sexual health and confidence.
